Plant Image
Flower


Yavapai County Native & Naturalized Plants

Solanum heterodoxum - melonleaf nightshade

Synonyms: Nycterium violaceum Engelm. ex Walp., Solanum chrysacanthum Dunal
Other Common Names: New Mexican nightshade
Plant Form: Forb or Subshrub

Family: Solanaceae


   
 
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Leaves
Frankie Rose @http://swbiodiversity.org, Usage Rights: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA)
Plant
Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium, Usage Rights: CC BY-NC (Attribution-Non-Commercial)
Forb Plant Description

Origin: Native   Life Cycle: Annual
General Desc: Covered with fine, straw-colored prickles and some gland-tipped hairs; deeply twice divided leaves with rounded lobes; deep purple to blue flowers which have the same size and shape as tomato plant flowers.
Identification notes: Annual; taproot; stems branching; hairy and prickly; alternate leaves; blades deeply dissected; rounded lobes; flowers clustered at branch tips; 5 lobed, purple to blue; stamens bright yellow; purple-tinged anther on longest stamen.
Height: 12 to 28 inches


Habitat

Habitat Description: Found on silty, sandy, or gravelly soils of dunes, stream beds, washes, and open hillsides.
Plant Communities: Desert Scrub, Interior Chaparral, Semidesert Grasslands, Pinyon Juniper Woodland, Riparian
Elevation: 2000 - 6000 feet


Flower Characteristics

Color: Purple, blue     Shape: Regular in round clusters     Tubular: N     Flowering Period: Jun - Oct
Description: Few flowered clusters at branch tips; 3/4 inch long; sepals densely spiny; 5 lobed; 3/4 to 1 inch long; triangular; flowers 3/4 inch diameter; 5-petaled; stamens bright yellow; purple-tinged anther on longest stamen.


Leaf and Stem Characteristics

Leaf Color: Green     Leaf Type: Simple     Leaf Shape: Round or oval     Leaf Margin: Dissected     Leaf Attachment: Alternate     Leaves Clasp: N
Hairs: Leaves and stems     Spines: Y
Leaf Description: Alternate; spine-covered stems and leaf stalks; stalks 1/16 to 1/2 inch long; leaves 1-1/2 to 4-1/4 inches long, deeply dissected, rounded lobes, gland-tipped hairs on upper surface, irregular star-like hairs on lower surface; scattered spines on veins.


Fruit and Seed Characteristics

Fruit Type: Berry-like
Fruit Notes: Spherical, roughly 1/3 inch in diameter; closely wrapped by the persistent calyx (sepals), which is densely armed with prickles.
Seed Notes: Lens-shaped, 1/8 inch long, dark brown.



  Arizona Cooperative Extension
Yavapai County
840 Rodeo Dr #C
Prescott, AZ 86305
(928) 445-6590
Version 8.0  
http://cales.arizona.edu/yavapaiplants/SpeciesDetailForb.php  
Last Updated: Dec 13, 2022
Content Questions/Comments: Email Matt Halldorson  
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