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Flowers


Yavapai County Native & Naturalized Plants

Chamaesyce melanadenia - red-gland spurge

Synonyms: Euphorbia melanadenia
Other Common Names: red-gland sandmat
Plant Form: Forb or Subshrub

Family: Euphorbiaceae


   
 
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Leaves and flowers
Jason Sachs @http://swbiodiversity.org, Usage Rights: Attribution-Non-Commercial (CC BY-NC)
Plant
Max Licher @http://swbiodiversity.org, Usage Rights: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA)
Forb Plant Description

Origin: Native   Life Cycle: Perennial   Similar Species: Euphorbia cinerascens
General Desc: Perennial covered with short, matted hairs forming small clumps, has a frosted appearance; stems erect or ascending, may be almost flat on the ground in open flats especially so in disturbed soil; stems slender, reddish, repeatedly forking.
Identification notes: Clusters of 15 to 20 males, 1 female flower in leaf axils and branch tips, petal-like appendages white, longer than reddish-purple glands; capsules hairy; leaves opposite, fine curly hairs on both sides. Curly hairs on stems too; seeds wrinkled, 4-angled.
Height: 3 to 8 inches


Habitat

Habitat Description: Found on dry, rocky slopes or flats, sunny hillsides and along washes. Can be found on disturbed soils.
Plant Communities: Desert Scrub, Interior Chaparral, Pinyon Juniper Woodland, Disturbed Areas
Elevation: 800 - 5000 feet


Flower Characteristics

Color: White with reddish-purple glands     Shape: Regular in round clusters     Tubular: N     Flowering Period: Jan - Dec
Description: Flower clusters of cup-like structures enclose a single female flower and 15 to 20 male flowers (cyathia); 4 red, reddish-purple nectar glands; white, scalloped, petal-like appendages, usually much wider than subtending nectar glands.


Leaf and Stem Characteristics

Leaf Color: Green, aging to dark red     Leaf Type: Simple     Leaf Shape: Round or oval     Leaf Margin: Smooth     Leaf Attachment: Opposite     Leaves Clasp: N
Hairs: Leaves and stems     Spines: N
Leaf Description: Leaf blades opposite, oval-shaped, 1/16 to 1/2 inch long, green to dark red with age; asymmetrical bases; pair of leaf-like appendages (stipules) at base of leaf stem united on lower side, distinct on upper. Stems sometimes reddish.


Fruit and Seed Characteristics

Fruit Color: Green to light brown   
Fruit Type: Capsule
Fruit Notes: Lobed capsule with short, matted hairs; oval-shaped; sharply angled.
Seed Notes: Seeds white, oval-shaped, 4-angled in cross section, smooth to wrinkled or alveolate (honeycomb pattern).



  Arizona Cooperative Extension
Yavapai County
840 Rodeo Dr #C
Prescott, AZ 86305
(928) 445-6590
Version 8.0  
http://cales.arizona.edu/yavapaiplants/SpeciesDetailForb.php  
Last Updated: Dec 13, 2022
Content Questions/Comments: Email Matt Halldorson  
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