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MOTIVATION AND INFLUENCE1. POWER AND INFLUENCETo get a full understanding of motivation requires examining power and influence more closely. Power can give a leader the potential to influence the groups attitudes or behaviors towards the accomplishment of projects or goals. However, a leader can also misuse power. Using power too extensively creates separation, resistance, opposition, and disagreements. When a leader uses power without sensitivity to the feelings of others, they create authority with little influence. People appreciate leaders who ask them to think rather than just tell them what to do. Effective leaders use power to pull the group together and not push them towards a goal. Leaders rely more on influence than their authority from power. Influence combines enthusiasm, excitement, charisma, and wisdom. When leaders use influence, they appeal to the group members' values, skills, and knowledge. By keeping motivation and enthusiasm going, the group moves more successfully towards their goals. How a leader uses power will determine the influence the leader will have with the group. 2. EFFECTIVE UTILIZATIONTo use power and influence effectively a person needs to understand the different types of power:
Reward Power is when an individual has the opportunity to extend a reward to the group for accomplishing a project or goal.
Coercive Power gives an individual the ability to administer some type of punishment to the group or individual. The individual enforces the punishment when the completion of a goal or project falls short.
Legitimate Power gives an individual the right to ask for the accomplishment of a goal or project. The group feels an obligation to comply with the request of the individual.
Expert Power is when an individual has special knowledge or skills in the area or project the group is working on.
Referent Power is when the group or individual makes accomplishments towards a goal or project because of their admiration for an individual. The group respects and wants the individuals approval.
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Home Site Index Search Feedback Guestbook Syllabus Written Assignments Outside Lab Assignments What is Leadership? Self Concept Parliamentary Procedure Leadership Ideas Win/Lose Power What is an Advisor? What is a Program of Activities? Effective Youth Organizations Selecting/Electing Officers Officer Guidelines Send questions about this website to Denise Davies at ddavies@ag.arizona.edu. For course information or questions not included in these pages contact Dr. James Knight. Copyright (c) 1998 Department of Agricultural Education, The University of Arizona. Website version 1.2, last updated on Thursday, August 16, 2001. |